A Vitamin K shot is an essential injection given to newborns shortly after birth. Vitamin K is crucial for blood clotting, and newborns are often born with low levels of this vital nutrient. Without enough Vitamin K, babies are at risk of developing a rare bleeding disorder called Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VDKB) previously known as haemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN).
When Will You Be Offered a Vitamin K Shot?
Your midwife may have already discussed the Vitamin K shot with you during pregnancy. The Vitamin K shot is typically offered to your newborn within the first six hours of life. This timing ensures that the baby gets the necessary boost of Vitamin K as early as possible to prevent any complications from VDKB.
Why Will You Be Offered It?
Newborns have naturally low levels of Vitamin K because it doesn’t cross the placenta well during pregnancy. Breast milk contains only small amounts of Vitamin K, and it takes a little time for a baby’s gut to start producing it naturally. The shot is a preventative measure to ensure your baby has enough Vitamin K to promote proper blood clotting.
If for some reason the shot isn’t administered within this window, it’s still beneficial to provide it at any time in the first few days of life. If you’ve just given birth and are unsure if your baby has had the jab, check with your midwife to be sure. 
Are There Any Alternatives to Injections?
Vitamin K can also be given to newborns orally; once in your baby’s first week, and once again at one month old. While the oral method is non-invasive, it does rely on your baby absorbing it, and not vomiting it up.
The NHS generally recommends the injection, as it’s a single, highly effective dose that’s not only convenient but reliable too. It’s also one less thing to remember when you’re in the midst of those chaotic early baby days.
What Would a Vitamin K Deficiency Look Like in my Baby?
VDKB can happen within the first six months of life. If your baby has a vitamin K deficiency, they might bruise or bleed for no apparent reason. Unfortunately, most babies with VDKB show no warning signs before experiencing life-threatening bleeds. However, potential signs include:
- Bruising, particularly around the head or face.
- Bleeding from the nose or umbilical cord.
- Pale skin or gums (in darker-skinned babies).
- Yellowing of the whites of the eyes in babies over three weeks old.
- Blood in the stool, which may appear black, dark, or sticky.
- Vomiting blood.
- Irritability, excessive sleepiness, seizures, or frequent vomiting, which could indicate brain bleeding.
If you notice any of these signs, seek medical attention immediately.
